Inflammation of the Sacroiliac Ligaments

Inflammation of the sacroiliac (SI) ligaments, often referred to as sacroiliitis, is a common cause of lower back pain. The SI joints connect the sacrum (the triangular bone at the base of the spine) to the iliac bones (the large bones of the pelvis). Strong ligaments surround and support these joints, allowing for limited movement and providing stability. When these ligaments become inflamed, it can lead to significant discomfort and pain.

Causes of SI Ligament Inflammation:

Several factors can contribute to SI ligament inflammation, including:

• Trauma: A sudden impact, such as a fall or car accident, can directly injure the SI ligaments.
• Repetitive stress: Activities involving repetitive twisting or heavy lifting can put excessive strain on the SI joints and ligaments.
• Arthritis: Conditions like osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis can affect the SI joints and cause inflammation.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can loosen ligaments, including those in the SI joints, making them more susceptible to injury.
• Infection: In rare cases, infection can lead to inflammation of the SI joints.

Symptoms of SI Ligament Inflammation:

The most common symptom is lower back pain, which can range from a dull ache to a sharp, stabbing pain. Other symptoms may include:

• Pain that radiates to the buttocks, hips, groin, or thighs.
• Stiffness in the lower back.
• Pain that worsens with prolonged sitting, standing, or walking.
• Pain that improves with movement or exercise.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Diagnosing SI ligament inflammation typically involves a physical examination, including specific tests to assess the SI joints. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRIs, may be used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment options for SI ligament inflammation often include:

• Rest: Avoiding activities that aggravate the pain.
• Physical therapy: Exercises to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve joint stability.
• Pain medication: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers to reduce inflammation and pain.
• Injections: Corticosteroid injections into the SI joints to reduce inflammation.
• Chiropractic Manipulation: To restore proper joint mechanics and reduce stress on the ligaments.

In most cases, conservative treatment is effective in managing SI ligament inflammation. However, in rare cases, surgery may be recommended. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.